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A gas stream containing CO₂ is fed through a process column. Inside this column flows a special liquid (the solvent). This liquid is specifically engineered to selectively recognize and bind CO₂. The other gases in the stream (such as nitrogen or oxygen) do not interact with the liquid and simply pass through. The liquid acts like a chemical magnet, capturing only the CO₂ molecules from the gas stream.
The liquid, now enriched with CO₂ molecules, is pumped to the desorption column. Here, heat is added. Due to the temperature increase, the chemical bond changes and the liquid releases the CO₂. This creates a stream of pure CO₂ at the top of the column, which can be captured.
After releasing the CO₂, the liquid is ready to absorb new CO₂ again. The liquid is cooled and directly returned to step 1 to capture more CO₂. During the cooling process, the heat added in step 2 is recovered and can be reused elsewhere in the system, making the total net energy input nearly zero.
The captured CO₂ is optionally post-treated and dried, resulting in pure CO₂. This can be used in various applications, such as greenhouse horticulture. This makes the process circular: the solvent is continuously reused, the required heat is recovered, and the pure CO₂ is ready for storage or utilization.
For aluminium smelters, we are developing a pilot installation that tests solvents for CO₂ capture at low concentrations, including energy use and degradation, after which the best configuration is selected for a full-scale installation to be built later.
For a Canadian client, we optimized a stalled CO₂ capture installation behind a biomass boiler, with modifications, additional sensors, integration, and guidance through commissioning to successful start-up and delivery of clean CO₂ for on-site greenhouse use.